A Review of Non-surgical Strategies for Managing Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remains a significant public health challenge, characterized by persistent inflammation of the sinonasal mucosa lasting at least 12 weeks, leading to symptoms such as nasal congestion, facial pain, rhinorrhea, and olfactory dysfunction. Affecting an estimated 5-12% of the global population, CRS imposes considerable economic and quality-of-life burdens. While surgical options like functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) are effective for refractory cases, non-surgical management is the initial and often primary approach, emphasizing symptom control, inflammation reduction, and prevention of disease progression. This comprehensive review synthesizes evidence from recent guidelines, clinical trials, and observational studies on non-surgical strategies, including nasal saline irrigation, intranasal and systemic corticosteroids, antibiotics, biologics, and adjunctive therapies. Key advancements include precision medicine via endotyping and the integration of biologics for type 2 inflammation-dominant phenotypes, particularly in CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Drawing from updated 2024-2025 literature, we highlight personalized treatment algorithms to optimize outcomes, minimize adverse effects, and reduce the need for surgery.
Similar Articles
- Harel Mega Serafine Simanjuntak, Haflin Soraya Hutagalung, Indri Adriztina, Sri Amelia, Relationship Between Sleep Quality and Primary Headache Among Employees of PT. Valeo Ac Indonesia , Journal of Society Medicine: Vol. 3 No. 12 (2024): December
- Yasdika Imam Taufik, Refli Hasan, Nizam Zikri Akbar, Triglyceride/High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio as a Predictor of Major Cardiovascular Events Within 6 Months Post-Treatment in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan , Journal of Society Medicine: Vol. 4 No. 8 (2025): August
- Geeta Maharani Ariaty, Budiana Rismawan, Management of Intra-Abdominal Infection Patients with Septic Shock in the ICU , Journal of Society Medicine: Vol. 4 No. 9 (2025): September
- Elsha Sinulingga Elsha, Jelita Siregar, Taufik Sungkar, Differences in MPV (Mean Platelet Volume) / Lymphocytes Ratio In Chronic Hepatitis B with and without Cirrhosis Hepatic , Journal of Society Medicine: Vol. 3 No. 6 (2024): June
- Rachmad Try Hendro, Osmond Muftilov Pison, Management of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Due to Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury and Pulmonary Contusion in a Patient with Moderate Head Injury Post-Craniotomy Decompression, Epidural Hematoma, and Posterolateral Rib Fractures 2-6 , Journal of Society Medicine: Vol. 4 No. 7 (2025): July
- Suwarman, Tresna Kusumah Natapraja, Management af a Patient with Guillain-Barré Syndrome Miller Fisher Type and Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in the Intensive Care Unit : a Case Report , Journal of Society Medicine: Vol. 3 No. 11 (2024): November
- Mirton, Pasihulilzan, Hesty Rhauda Ashan, Performed Laparoscopic Surgery For Gastric Perforation: Case Report , Journal of Society Medicine: Vol. 3 No. 6 (2024): June
- Indah Triana Sari Pohan, Amira Permatasari Tarigan, Pandia Pandiaman, Mutiara Erna, The Effect of Providing Digital Education Through Smartphone Applications on Control Level of Asthma Patients at Outpatient Clinic University of North Sumatra Hospital Medan , Journal of Society Medicine: Vol. 4 No. 4 (2025): April
- Kadek Adi Sudarmika, Ni Luh Eka Sriayu Wulandari, Dilated Cardiomyopathy Related to Hyperthyroidism in Young Adults , Journal of Society Medicine: Vol. 3 No. 8 (2024): August
- Rizki Amaliah Damanik, Andika Pradana, Pandiaman Pandia, Analysis of Blood Eosinophil Levels as an Indicator of Controlled Asthma Classification at the University of Sumatra Utara Hospital , Journal of Society Medicine: Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): March
<< < 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >>
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.